For the 2025 civics test · Form N-400 filed on or after October 20, 2025
Free practice for the U.S. citizenship civics test
All 128 official questions. Answers and explanations in plain English. No sign-up.
- questions on the official list
- 128
- asked at the interview
- up to 20
- correct answers to pass
- 12
Start here
Three ways into the same 128 questions
The test itself, the full list to read at your own pace, and the handful of answers that depend on where you live.
Why this site
Every question comes with the reason behind it
The official list gives you a question and the answers that count. It does not tell you what the answer means, and a memorized answer falls apart the moment the officer asks the same thing in different words. Each question page here adds three things:
- The idea behind the answer, in plain English.
- Why the official answer is the one USCIS accepts, and which other wordings also count.
- Where people get confused, and a hook to keep it straight.
For example, question 28
Why does each state have two senators?
The official list accepts two answers that sound like different facts. They are two names for the same bargain struck at the Constitutional Convention, and once you see the bargain, either answer comes out right.
The official sections
Study one section at a time
USCIS groups the list into three sections. Each page below has the whole section, in order, with every answer explained.
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72 questions American Government How the United States governs itself: the Constitution and the ideas behind it, the three branches and the powers each one has, and the rights and responsibilities of the people who live here. It is the largest of the three categories, so most of the questions at an interview come from it. -
46 questions American History The story of the country from the colonies to the present: why the colonists came and why they declared independence, the founding generation, the wars of the 1800s and the Civil War, and the events of the last century, from World War I to September 11, 2001. -
10 questions Symbols and Holidays The symbols the country shares and the days it sets aside: the flag and what its stripes and stars stand for, the national anthem, the Statue of Liberty, the capital, and the national holidays and what each one honors.
Which list is yours
Two versions of the test are in use
Which one you take depends on the day you filed Form N-400, not on when your interview is. How the two versions differ.
The 128-question list
For anyone who filed on or after October 20, 2025. The officer asks 20 of them and you pass at 12. It is the list this whole site is built around.
The 100-question 2008 list
For anyone who filed before October 20, 2025. It is a shorter bank and a shorter interview: 10 questions, 6 to pass.
Applicants who are 65 or older and have been permanent residents for 20 years or more study a shorter list of 20 questions, marked with an asterisk on the questions page. What that changes.
More ways to practice
When you want a change of pace
The practice test is the closest thing to the interview. The games drill the people, dates and quick answers from the same official list, and the English practice covers the reading and writing part of the test with sentences built from the USCIS vocabulary lists.
How the test works
The test around the questions
The questions tell you what the answers are. These explain the test around them: what happens at the interview, how to work through the official list, and the rules that change if you are 65 or older.
- The civics test in your naturalization interview
- N-400 vocabulary: the Part 9 questions explained
- A study plan for the 128 civics questions
- The 65/20 special consideration
- English test exemptions: 50/20, 55/15 and Form N-648
- Civics test answers that change with elections
- How the naturalization test is scored
- The November election and your civics test answers
- 2008 vs 2025 civics test: which one you take
Sources
Where the questions come from
The questions and the accepted answers are reproduced word for word from the USCIS list 128 Civics Questions and Answers, a work of the U.S. federal government. The explanations are written by us. More about the site.