What amendment says all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are U.S. citizens?

Why this is the answer

The 14th Amendment, added after the Civil War, says that all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to its jurisdiction, are citizens of the United States and of the state where they live. It is the constitutional basis for citizenship by birth and for the citizenship you receive when you naturalize. It came right after the 13th, which abolished slavery, and before the 15th, which protected the right to vote regardless of race. Memory hook: 13 freed, 14 made citizens, 15 gave the vote.