Question 42 of 100 · 2008 civics test
Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?
One of the 100 questions on the 2008 version, used for applications filed before October 20, 2025.
Accepted answers
- provide schooling and education
- provide protection (police)
- provide safety (fire departments)
- give a driver’s license
- approve zoning and land use
The officer takes any answer from this list, as many as the question asks for.
Why this is the answer
Five answers are accepted, and any one of them is enough: providing schooling and education, providing protection through the police, providing safety through fire departments, giving a driver's license, or approving zoning and land use. These are parts of government close to daily life, and the split between state and federal power has a history that starts before the Constitution. Before the Constitution, each of the thirteen colonies governed itself, much the way a state does now. A national government came afterward, first under the Articles of Confederation and then under the Constitution. The Tenth Amendment states the resulting rule: powers the Constitution neither delegates to the United States nor denies to the states are reserved to the states, or to the people. Madison expected exactly this division in Federalist No. 45. The states' powers, he wrote, would reach everything that in the ordinary course of affairs concerns "the lives, liberties, and properties of the people," along with the internal order of each state. The study guide shows what that looks like in practice. States protect their residents through police and fire departments, and each one runs its own education system, from grade school through colleges, universities and adult education programs. Traffic rules and marriage requirements are also set by the states, and so is the license in your wallet. State power has limits. Every state has its own constitution, but none of them may conflict with the U.S. Constitution, which is the supreme law of the land. Some powers are closed to the states altogether, coining money among them, and a few are shared by both levels of government, such as the power to tax people. The trap in the interview is answering with a federal power, such as declaring war, which belongs to the previous question, not this one. If your mind goes blank, picture a fire station, a school or the office where you renewed your license. Any of those images leads straight to a correct answer.
Sources
- The Bill of Rights: A Transcription · National Archives
- Learn About the United States: Quick Civics Lessons for the Naturalization Test (2008 version) · M-638 (rev. 08/21)
- One Nation, One People: The USCIS 2025 Civics Test Study Guide · M-1175 (2025)
- The Federalist Papers: Full Text · Library of Congress
- Civics (History and Government) Questions for the Naturalization Test (2008 version) (rev. 01/19)