Question 5 of 100 · 2008 civics test
What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?
From the 100-question list, the version for applications filed before October 20, 2025.
Accepted answer
- the Bill of Rights
Why this is the answer
The first ten amendments are called the Bill of Rights, and that name is the only answer on the official list. The story of how they got there explains why they matter so much. The Constitution of 1787 did not include a list of individual rights. Plenty of Americans objected. They had just won their rights in the Revolutionary War and feared that a strong new government would take them away. While the Constitution waited for the people's approval, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay published 85 essays, the Federalist Papers, arguing for the Constitution. Supporters eventually agreed to add a list of rights, and that promise brought many more people over to their side. Madison drafted the list. On September 25, 1789, the First Congress sent twelve proposed amendments to the states. Ten of them were ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures on December 15, 1791, and those ten, which were articles three through twelve of the original proposal, became the Bill of Rights. One of the two leftovers had a strange afterlife: it was finally ratified in 1992 as the 27th Amendment. The other has never been ratified. What do the ten cover? Freedom of expression, the right to bear arms, protection against searches without a warrant, the guarantee that no one is tried twice for the same crime, the right not to testify against yourself, a trial by jury, a lawyer, and protection against excessive fines and unusual punishments. Taken together, they list things the government may not do to you. Applicants under pressure sometimes answer with the Declaration of Independence, which is not part of the Constitution, or simply say "the amendments," which describes the question instead of answering it. The examiner is looking for the name. Bill of Rights: a bill, as in a written list, of the rights the government has to respect.
Sources
- Civics (History and Government) Questions for the Naturalization Test (2008 version) (rev. 01/19)
- Learn About the United States: Quick Civics Lessons for the Naturalization Test (2008 version) · M-638 (rev. 08/21)
- The Bill of Rights: A Transcription · National Archives
- One Nation, One People: The USCIS 2025 Civics Test Study Guide · M-1175 (2025)